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WHAT IS A SLEEP APNEA?
Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. If you snore loudly and feel tired even after a full night’s sleep, you might have sleep apnea.
The main types of sleep apnea are:
- Obstructive sleep apnea, the more common form that occurs when throat muscles relax
- Central sleep apnea, which occurs when your brain doesn’t send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing
- Complex sleep apnea syndrome, also known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnea, which occurs when someone has both obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea
WHAT IS A BiPAP MACHINE?
BiPAP refers to Bilevel or two-level Positive Airway Pressure. It can help treat sleep apnea by sending air through a tube into a mask that fits over the nose. While CPAP generally delivers a single pressure, BiPAP delivers two: an inhale pressure and an exhale pressure. These two pressures are known as inhalation positive airway pressure (IPAP) and exhalation positive airway pressure (EPAP).
HOW DOES BiPAP WORK?
BiPAP machines have two settings and the effort when inhaling and exhaling is monitored. When a person sleeping doesn’t breathe for a programmed period of time, the BiPAP may be set to deliver a breath. This is set as a minimum breath or ‘back-up rate’ that sets minimum breaths per minute (BPM). This setting is designed so that the patient breathes a set frequency of breaths per minute.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CPAP AND BiPAP?
BPAP and CPAP machines have a lot in common. They both deliver positive air pressure (PAP) via a tabletop device connected to a tube and a mask. They can sometimes be used to treat the same conditions, and have similar side effects.
The main difference between a BPAP and CPAP machine is how the air pressure is delivered:
- BPAP machines deliver two levels of air pressure.
- CPAP machines deliver a continuous level of air pressure.
CPAPs are typically the first treatment option for people with obstructive sleep apnea. The continuous pressure holds the airway open and there’s no need for two pressures.
But BPAPs are an alternative when a CPAP machine isn’t working or well tolerated. They deliver a higher air pressure on inspiration, and drop the pressure on exhalation. This makes them more effective or more comfortable for some people with obstructive sleep apnea.
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